Khilafat movement 19191922 the khilafat movement was a very important event in the political history of india. The muslims of india had a great regard for the khilafat caliphate which was held by the ottoman empire. The khilafat movement in india, 19191924 soas research. At same time when khilafat movement was at its peak gandhi was also leading many other movements like tehrik e terk mawalat, civil nafermani etc and through these movement his policy was to weak the english govt.
Between 1919 and 1924, the khilafat movement in britishcontrolled india was a political protest movement. The khilafat movement started by the muslims of india is directly related to. The khilafat issue was not directly linked to indian politics but it provided the immediate declaration to the movement and gone and added advantage of cementing hindumuslim unity against the british. The khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. In 1920, they published the khilafat manifesto, which called upon the british to protect the caliphate and for indian muslims to unite and hold the british accountable for this purpose. From the year 1876 to 1909, abdul hamid ii was the emperor of the ottoman empire. They held talks with british officials and addressed british people regarding the importance of ottoman empire. Introduction the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. Jan 02, 2018 syed abul ala maududi wrote the islamic book khilafat o malookiat pdf. One of the main reasons which caused a death blow to khilafat movement was the indirect announcement of gandhi to discontinue the non cooperation movement. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the first. During the first world war turkey was allied with germany and austria against the british. See toynbee, arnold, in survey of international affairs 1925, 1927, vol i, 39.
Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to salvage the ottoman caliph as a symbol of unity among muslims in india during the period of british rule. August 31, 1920 the khilafat committee started a campaign of noncooperation and the movement was formally launched. By critics, it is regarded as one of the political agitation based on a panislamist, fundamentalist platform and being largely indifferent to the cause of indian independence. Prices of various necessaries of life leapt up, partly owing to british. Pak study assignment khilafat movement pakistan studies. Its members were more concerned with the fate of the khalifa than were the western powers and the people of turkey.
Khilafat movement essay free papers and essays examples. The khilafat movement, which took place among indian muslims immediately following the first world war, was so called because it was a political agitation designed to pressure the british government to preserve the defeated ottoman empire and its ruler, the caliph of islam. Chapter16 revision notes noncooperation movement and khilafat aandolan during 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and non cooperation background background. The first world war brought new crisis for the muslim community in the british raj. In the preceding chapter we noted, as early as the first months of 1915, something in the nature of a khilafat movement, but without any organization to give it a definite form. Nallino, notes on the nature of the caliphate in general and on the. As it began to lose the war, concerns were expressed in india about the future of turkey. The khilafat movement had considerable support from muslims.
The khilafat movement pakistan affairs notes for csspms. First, it helped the muslims from the urban areas nehru bajaj sarojini khan partition of india wikipedia, the free encyclopedia indian history a perspective the khilafat movement turned out to be an important mass movement due to three reasons. This demonstrates that in the development of the khilafat movement more than theocratic considerations were involved. On june 9 1920, the khilafat committee at allahabad unanimously accepted the suggestion of noncooperation and asked gandhiji to lead the movement. It includes arabic, english, bengali, tamil, burmese, and hindi languages. You can read about the main significance of the khilafat movement and its background in details. The allindia khilafat conference held at delhi in november 1919 decided to withdraw all cooperation from the government if their demands were not met. Oct 01, 2019 khilafat movement was an emotional movement. Ottoman caliphate as the spiritual center of islam despite the defeat. A wave of anger swept across the muslin world and the indian muslims rose against the british government.
The khilafat movement 19191924 was a panislamic, political protest campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect the ottoman empire during the aftermath of world war i. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. May 21, 2018 quran 36 ya seen arabic to english audio translation and transliteration by meshari al. This unity reached its climax during the khilafat and the noncooperation movements. Gandhiji advised the muslim leaders to start noncooperation with the british to force them to reestablish khilafat. It was at this juncture that jamaluddin afghani 183897 propagated the idea of panislamism. Khilafat movement 19191924 importance pdf download. The khilafat movement background details and tehreekekhilafat. In political lexicon khilafat is the name of muslim rule in an islamic state mix of political and religious authority in one figure it started from 632 the rule of hazrat abu bakar ra and ends with khallifa abdul hameed 2nd of ottoman empire 1924almost 1292 years. Oct 09, 2019 the khilafat movement pakistan affairs notes for csspms.
Oct 30, 2014 khilafat movement by zubda ahmad introduction the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. The leaders of the khilafat movement forged the first political alliance among westerneducated indian muslims and ulema over the religious symbol of the khilafat caliphate. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. It took shape only at the end of the war, but before turning our attention towards this development we have to consider the situation which had come about in india at. The khilafat movement came to an end when thousands of indians were put behind the bar. The khilafat movement, also known as the indian muslim movement 191924, was a. Introduction there is an assumption that the muslims can only be mobilized politically if religion, and religious symbols are used. The khilafat movement expanded to south asia under the leadership of ali brothers. In fact, the narrative in official pakistani textbooks is that gandhi arbitrarily and unilaterally called off the whole movement after one specific one. After the war, the british removed the khalifa from power and fragmented turkey.
Toynbee points out that a similar movement was developing among the muslims of russia at this time. The khilafat movement turned out to be an important mass movement due to three reasons. If it is true, it means that politics requires religion to survive and to play an. The khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims allied with indian nationalism when was following world war i. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the first world war. The movement began in 1919 and, under the leadership of the ali brothers, muhammad ali 18781931 and shaukat ali 18731938, assumed a mainly political character in alliance with the indian national congress, adopting the noncooperation programme in may 1920. Khilafat movement192022, non cooperation movement, swaraj party 1920 1926 upsc zone for cds, capf, ssc and railway exams. Download pdf right click and save as target or continue reading online. British interest among the indian muslims as rivals of the french in.
As he was a caliph, he was supreme from the religious aspect and also was a political leader of the sunni muslims all over the world. Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to. Non cooperation and khilafat movement bihar psc exam notes. In 1886, sir syed set up an organization which is known as mohammedan educational conference, which presented a twelve point program in western and religious education in english and other languages. The khilafat movement also cultivated a new outlook amongst the muslims not to rely on others support and to wholly depend on selfdetermination for the achievement of national cause. As khilafat movement was the 1st movement where ordinary people were involved, or the ordinary muslims were involved, people in the streets were involved and therefore politics at that time came down to the ordinary masses. Khilafat o malookiat by syed abul ala maududi pdf library pk. In 1920, they published the khilafat manifesto, which called upon the british to protect the.
His numerous writing into the urdu language translated into many other languages of the world. Critics of the khilafat see its alliance with the congress as a marriage of convenience. The khilafat movement was an agitation by indian muslims, allied with indian nationalists, to pressure the british government to preserve the. Khilafat movement was an emotional movement pakistan. The khilafat movement developed a sense of concern amongst the muslims about their national matters and inculcated among them the awareness about their future. September 1920 at a special session in calcutta, the congress approved a noncooperation programme till the punjab and khilafat wrongs were removed and swaraj was established. Muslims regarded the sultan of turkey as their spiritual leader, khalifa, so naturally they sympathized with turkey. Khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of the british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate or khilafateusmania and for not letting for the muslim holy places go under the control of the nonmuslims. During world war i, the ottoman empire turkey joined the war in favour of germany. A few months ago a group of friends were discussing the reasons for partition when one of them said that the khilafat movement was the starting point of panislamism which made muslims believe or reiterate that they constituted a separate nation. Moplah revolt in august 1921 hindu muslim relations changed chora chori incident in february 1922 gandhi called off the movement. The article tells you about this movement, was written in march 2001 and edited in may 2017. He was an eminent writer, jurists, islamic philosopher, journalist, and scholar of islam.
The khilafat movement had considerable support from muslims but was extinguished in 1924 after the abolition of the caliphate by ataturk. The khilafat movement was organized by the ali brothers mohammed ali and shaukat ali in protest against the injustices done to turkey which had fought against britain after the first world war. Urdu political poetry during the khilafat movement modern. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell apart after the abolition of the caliphate in 1924.
Discuss pakistan affairs css paper 2015 khilafat movement was an emotional movement 1. Khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of the british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate or khilafat eusmania and for not letting for the muslim holy places go under the control of the nonmuslims. The turkish empire had been divided by the allied powers. Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, english educated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website.
Khilafat movement and the province of sindh 53 of islamic independence was steadily narrowing. Khilafat movement was supported not only by muslims but hindus also favored it therefore. Religious symbolism and political mobilization in india. Turkey was important to the indian muslims as the sultan of turkey was also the caliph or khalifa. Oct 25, 2011 the khilafat movement 191920 was essentially a movement to express muslim support for the caliph of turkey against the allied powers particularly britain. However, at the same time, note must also be made that in the north punjab and part of. The khilafat movement in india got the support of mahatma gandhim. The khilafat movement evokes controversy and strong opinions. Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. This made the muslims upset as they were worried what would happen to their worship places because of the act of the allied powers. It was a peak period from 1919 to 1922 casting demonstrations, boycott, and other pressure by the two major communities, the hindus and the muslims.
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